(Two-legged) Crocodile ancestor found in New York museum storage
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - A toothless, two-legged crocodile ancestor that walked upright and had a beak instead of teeth was discovered in the basement of New York's American Museum of Natural History, according to a report published on Wednesday.
The 210 million-year-old fossil had sat in storage at the museum for nearly 60 years and was found only by accident, the paleontologists said.
The animal is interesting because it closely resembles a completely unrelated dinosaur called an ostrich dinosaur that lived 80 million years later, they report in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B, a British science journal.
"A lot of people, from seeing (the film) Jurassic Park know what an ostrich dinosaur looked like," said museum curator Mark Norell. "This is a case of convergence with the ostrich dinosaur. It evolved more than once."
The six-foot-long (2-meter) fossil is an archosaur, an extinct type of animal that includes the ancestors of dinosaurs, crocodilians and birds. It lived in what is now New Mexico, in the U.S. southwest.
It was discovered in blocks of rock from the Ghost Ranch Quarry that were excavated in 1947 and 1948.
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Effigia is closely related to an ancient group of reptiles called crocodilians, which includes today's crocodiles and alligators. It was not a dinosaur.
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Its skull and skeleton were very similar to those of ostrich dinosaurs, with a beak, a long tail, and two-legged stance. Its ankle, however, shows its relationship to crocodilians.
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It could be, they said, that animals like Effigia dominated what are now the Americas, and that dinosaur evolution only took off after Effigia went extinct, leaving a niche.
Searching the storage rooms of museums often turns up treasures such as these, Norell said.
"Something that people often don't realize is that after you collect, it sometimes takes thousands of hours to remove the stuff from the cast for analysis," he said.
"Museums like ours are giant libraries of stuff."